Hannah (Monahwee) Alexander

Hannah (Monahwee) Alexander 

(ca. 6/3/1871-12/7/1934) 

Muscogee (Creek) Nation 

By Hannah Ridley, (TU, BA class of 2025) 

Early History 

Hannah Monahwee Alexander was born on May 3, 1871, near Henryetta, Indian Territory, to David Monahwee (ca. 1831-1899) and A. Milly (Miley) Carr (ca. 1840-1886). Her father David was a Methodist minister, a member of the Creek National Council, and a descendant of Chief Monahwee (Menawa) (ca. 1765-1835). Hannah had three siblings: John Monahwee (ca. 1873-1928), Katie Monahwee Harjo (ca. 1875-1930), and Ella Monahwee Jacobs (1884-1960). Her younger sister Katie is the great grandmother of Joy Harjo, who served as the U.S. Poet Laureate from 2019 to 2022. An article in the Holdenville Daily News reported Hannah was raised by a great-uncle after her parents died when she was young, but this claim currently has not been corroborated.1 

School 

In 1885, Hannah began attending Nuyaka Mission Boarding School for Creek Indian Boys and Girls in Indian Territory. During the 1886 school year, she stayed in the Robertson Cottage girls’ dormitory, which was supervised by Miss Grace Robertson, sister of Alice Robertson (who became the Director of the Presbyterian School for Indian Girls in 1885). Hannah stayed in the dormitory with her younger sister, Katie Monahwee. During April of the 1886 school year, Hannah returned home with her sister, Katie, to visit their dying mother. Both sisters returned to Nuyaka Mission Boarding School on May 12th, 1886, after being absent for three weeks.2 

After four years at Nuyaka Mission, Hannah was transferred to the Presbyterian School for Indian Girls by the principal of Nuyaka Mission, Napoleon Bonaparte Moore. Hannah’s academic performance was very strong. On April 7, 1892, she appeared in the Muskogee Phoenix’s publication of the PSIG Roll of Honor, with an overall grade average of ninety-nine, a ninety-nine in Scholarship, and a one hundred grade point average in Deportment. Later that month, Hannah was also listed on the Roll of Honor with an overall grade point average of ninety-seven, a ninety-five average in Scholarship, and a one-hundred grade point average in Deportment in the same newspaper on April 21, 1892.3 

Adult Life 

In 1893, when she would have been twenty-two years old, Hannah was appointed matron of Levering Mission by the Board of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation and worked there for two years. Levering Mission was located in Wetumka, Indian Territory, in the northern area of what would, after Oklahoma statehood, be known as Hughes County. During the 1901 school year, Hannah worked as a matron at Coweta Boarding School. In letters dated January 22, 1901, and March 29, 1901, addressed to Ann Eliza Worcester Robertson (the mother of Alice, Grace, and Augusta Robertson), Hannah wrote about her experiences working at Coweta Boarding School: “We are very well at our works, but it is rather lonesome place to me. I always think of home every day. Still I like this school very well and I help the girls mending and the boys cloths, and besides that I look after the girls dormitory, and help the girls’ making dresses.”4 

On January 16, 1895, Hannah married James “Jim” Howard Alexander (ca. 6/2/1868-1/1932), who was also a member of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation. James was born on May 2, 1868, near Eufaula, Indian Territory, to George Abner Alexander (ca. 1842-1921) and Nancy Chisholm Alexander (ca. 1845-10/1905). James’s mother, Nancy, was one-half Cherokee, and he was a citizen of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation. James had six siblings: Elizabeth A. Alexander Brown, Robert Alexander, Louis Alexander, Mattie Alexander Robison, Ida B. Alexander Robinson, and John L. Alexander. James “received his grade school education in Asbury [sic] Mission School, which was located near Eufaula, and his higher education was obtained in schools in Kansas and Texas.” James was the manager of the Brown Brothers’ ranch in Wetumka from 1896 to 1898.  

In 1898, James and Hannah purchased a farm in Holdenville, Indian Territory, where they resided for the rest of their lives. In Hughes County, James worked “as an interpreter for federal field clerks before statehood.” He also “was appointed deputy county treasurer in 1921 and held that office until he was elected treasurer in 1930.”5 

On December 17, 1913, Hannah was “initiated into the order of the Eastern Star,” a Masonic appendant body. The Order of the Eastern Star, founded by “Master Mason” Dr. Robert Morris in 1850, was considered an “Androgynous Masonry,” meaning that both men and women participated in the organization, while most masonic organizations only admitted men. Dr. Morris, with the help of his wife Charlotte Mendenhall Morris, founded the organization because of Dr. Morris’ wish to “share the principles of Masonry with women.” After being a member for a year, in 1914, she was elected treasurer. Hannah was re-elected and held the position of treasurer for sixteen years.6 

Along with his wife, James was a member of the Order of the Eastern Star and was secretary for sixteen years. After being initiated in 1912, he held the position of treasurer in 1913 before becoming the secretary of the Order of the Eastern Star in 1914. Alongside Hannah, James held this position for the next sixteen years. According to the McCurtain Gazette, “He was a thirty-second degree Mason.” After battling a long illness at the age of 68, James died on January 10, 1932; his funeral services were held on January 11, 1932, at the First Baptist Church in Holdenville, Oklahoma. At his funeral services, Reverend G. Lee Phelps, who had been a friend of James for thirty years, stated, “I never saw Jim Alexander frustrated or disturbed. He was always cool and deliberate and was a valuable man at the counsel table. I never heard him speak ill of any man and I never heard any man speak ill of him.”7 

Although Hannah never had children of her own, she helped raise multiple children, many of whom were orphans. Through their work raising children, Hannah earned the title “Aunt Hannah,” and a newspaper references James as “Uncle Jim.” Hannah and James raised two of James’ nephews, Newman Robison (ca. 1904-1930), (James) Abner Robison (ca. 7/31/1900), and his niece, Adeline Belle Robison Jesse (ca. 4/7/1902-2/11/1983). Newman, Abner, and Adeline were the biological children of James’ sister, Mattie Alexander Robison. Mattie Alexander Robison died on July 5, 1906, so Hannah and James most likely raised her children after their mother’s death. They also helped raise Josephine Laeti, Otto Miller, and Lizzie Miller. Additionally, Hannah and James raised Hannah’s niece, Minnie Monahwee (ca. 1894-1974), from ages 12 to 24. The Tulsa Daily World quotes Hannah saying, “It has been my greatest aim in life to help educate any little orphan children and be a mother to them.”8 

Religion was a large part of Hannah’s life. In the Holdenville Daily News, writer Helen Lucille Traylor states, “Mrs. Alexander is a member of the Baptist church in Eufaula and has been a Christian since she was ten years old. Traylor quotes Hannah as follows: “I am so happy to know that all of my children that I reared are good Christians, too, for I spent much of my time teaching them of Christ and reading the Bible to them.” This article also quotes her voicing this hope for herself: “I want to help all of the people, no matter what color, who are destitute and are needing help and hope to live my life so that when the great summons comes I may know that I have done my very best on this earth.”9 

Death and Legacy 

On Tuesday morning, December 6, 1934, Hannah suffered a stroke of paralysis. After being hospitalized, she died on December 7, 1934, at the age of 63. Her funeral services were held on Sunday, December 9th, 1934, at the First Baptist Church in Holdenville, Oklahoma.10 

Tribal Enrollment Information 

Hannah’s Muskogee (Creek) Nation Card was approved on March 28, 1902. Her Dawes Roll Number is 6842.11   

Notes 

[1] “Alexander Rites Are Held Sunday.” Holdenville Daily News, December 10, 1934. Newspapers.com. (accessed December 27, 2023); “Another Illustrious Indian Passes On.” Holdenville Daily News, December 9, 1934. Newspapers.com. https://www.newspapers.com/image/909407133. (accessed December 27, 2023); “Chief Menawa’s Descendent is Proud of Blood.” The Maud Daily Enterprise (Maud, 

Oklahoma), October 24, 1934. https://www.newspapers.com/image/903589406 (accessed December 27, 2023); “Creek Woman, Born in County, Traces Her Ancestry Back to Chief Menewa.” Sunday Times Democrat (Okmulgee, Oklahoma), March 5, 1933. https://www.newspapers.com/image/707866771 (accessed December 27, 2023); Danny Chancellor, “Hannah Monahwee Alexander.” Findagrave.com https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/38363813/hannah-alexander (Accessed January 17, 2024); Deborah Weems, “DJB Weems.” N.d. Ancestry.com https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/162334504/family?cfpid=182113093386&fpid=182124543941 (Accessed March 24, 2024); EnergyBob, “Aldrich-Toth Family Tree.” N.d. Ancestry.com. n.d. https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/22028529 (Accessed October 14, 2023);  

“Holdenville Woman Descendant Of Menawa, Early Creek Chief.” Tulsa Daily World, October 24, 1934. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/884155783. (accessed January 17, 2024); “Mrs. Katie Harjo of Creek Nation Taken by Death.” Okmulgee Daily Democrat, April 17, 1930. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/707359066. (accessed 

October 10, 2023); “Sixteen Terms in Lodge is Indian Woman’s Record.” Holdenville Daily News, December 8, 1929. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/909446234. (accessed December 27, 2023). 

 [2]“Creek Woman, Born in County.” Nuyaka Mission School. 1885-1886. 1931.001.3.4.2. Papers of the Robertson and Worcester Families, 1815-1932, Special Collections, McFarlin Library, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK; “Sixteen Terms in Lodge.”  

[3] “Another Illustrious;” “Chief Menawa’s Descendent;” “Creek Woman, Born in County;” “Holdenville Woman Descendant Of Menawa;” “Nuyaka Mission School Opened In 1884; Indian Desire For Education Crowded It.” Okmulgee Daily Times, May 10, 1935. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/708008766. (accessed January 17, 2024); 

 “Roll of Honor.” Muskogee Phoenix, April 7, 1892. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/611434534 (accessed January 26, 2023); “Roll of Honor,” Muskogee Phoenix, April 21, 1892. Newspapers.com  

https://www.newspapers.com/image/611434692 (accessed March 29, 2024); “Sixteen Terms in Lodge.”  

[4] Hannah M. Alexander to Ann Eliza Worcester Robertson. 1901. Special Collections, University of Tulsa libraries. 1931.001.2.11. Papers of the Robertson and Worcester Families, 1815-1932, Special Collections, McFarlin Library, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK; “Another Illustrious;” “Creek (Mvskoke) Schools.” The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture,  

https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry?entry=CR009 (accessed March 29, 2024); “Sixteen Terms.” 

[5] “Alexander Rites Are Held Sunday.” Holdenville Daily News, December 10, 1934. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/909407216. (accessed December 27, 2023); “Chief Menawa’s Descendent;” “Forms Lions Club Branch.” Holdenville Daily News, April 7, 1929. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/909505286 (Accessed April 6, 2024); Peter Harrison, “Necrology, James H. Alexander,” Transcript from Interview of Harrison by Billie Byrd, June 26, 1937, Wetumka, Oklahoma, The Indian Pioneer Papers Collection, The University of Oklahoma Digital Collections, https://digital.libraries.ou.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/indianpp/id/72/rec/45 (accessed March 12, 2024); “Holdenville Woman Descendant Of Menawa;” “Hughes Mason Dies Sunday.” McCurtain Gazette (Idabel, Oklahoma), January 13, 1932. Newspapers.com  

https://www.newspapers.com/image/665358547 (accessed December 27, 2023); “Late Treasurer Was Prominent In Early Days.” Holdenville Daily News, January 25, 1932. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/908932589 (accessed January 17, 2024); “Local Paragraphs.” Holdenville Democrat, July 2, 1920. Newspapers.com 

https://www.newspapers.com/image/586138328 (accessed March 12, 2024); “Sixteen Terms;” 

“Tuesday’s Election Closely Contested.” The Wetumka Gazette, August 1, 1930. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/748049470 (accessed January 17, 2024). 

[6] “Another Illustrious;” “’Aunt Hannah’ Alexander Passes On; Was Pioneer Creek Indian.” Holdenville Daily News, December 9, 1934. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/909407174. (accessed December 27, 2023); “Chief Menawa’s Descendent;” “Creek Woman, Born in County;” “Holdenville Woman Descendant Of Menawa;” “O.E.S. Elect Their Officers.” Hughes County Tribune (Holdenville, Oklahoma), December 6, 1934. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/748386676. (accessed December 27, 2023); Order of the Eastern Star, “Our History.” https://easternstar.org/about-oes/our-history/ (accessed March 14, 2024); “Sixteen Terms;” “Tribal Talk.” Holdenville Daily News, December 14, 1934. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/909407468 (accessed December 27, 2023). 

[7] Danny Chancellor, “James H. Alexander.” Findagrave.com  

https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/38363750/james-h-alexander (Accessed March 10, 2024); Harrison, “Necrology, James H. Alexander;” “Holdenville Woman Descendant Of Menawa;” “Hughes Mason Dies Sunday;” “Late Treasurer;” “Sixteen Terms;” “Tuesday’s Election.” 

[8] “Adeline Belle Robison.” New Born Creek Nation Creek Roll, Dawes #121, Oklahoma and Indian Territory, U.S., Dawes Census Cards for Five Civilized Tribes, 1898-1914.  Ancestry.com. https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/197627:60543; Brenda Sue Watkins-Franklin, “Newman Joseph Robison.” Findagrave.com  

https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/28933135/newman_joseph_robison (Accessed March 24, 2024); Chancellor, “James H. Alexander;” Weems, “DJB Weems;” “In the District Court in and for Okmulgee County State of Oklahoma.” Okmulgee Daily Times, October 17, 1974. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/749966190 (accessed March 29, 2024); 

Jacqueline Mills, “Adeline Bell Robison Burgess.” Findagrave.com  

https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/92777586/adeline_bell-burgess (accessed March 24, 2024); James Abner Robison, Enrollment Card, National Archives, Ancestry, Native American  

Enrollment Cards for the Five Civilized Tribes, 1898-1914. Dawes #9388,  

https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/121531:60543; Mattie Robison Alexander, Enrollment Card, National Archives, Ancestry, Native American 

Enrollment Cards for the Five Civilized Tribes, 1898-1914; Minnie Monahee, Interview by Nattie Cain, October 21, 1937, Holdenville, Oklahoma, transcript, The Indian-Pioneer  

Papers Collection, The University of Oklahoma Digital Collection, https://digital.libraries.ou.edu/cdm/ref/collection/indianpp/id/760; “Notice of Sale of Real Estate by Guardian.” Holdenville Democrat, July 14, 1922. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/748147042 (accessed March 29, 2024); “Sixteen Terms;” 

U.S. Census Bureau, Ancestry, 1920 United States Federal Census, Dustin Township, Nation,  

Indian Territory; Roll T625_1465; Page 19a; Enumeration District 65. https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/98926383:6061.

[9] Chancellor,“Hannah Monahwee Alexander.” Chancellor, “James H. Alexander;” “Mrs. Alexander Is Still Unconscious.” Holdenville Daily News, December 5, 1934. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/909406902 (accessed March 4, 2024).  

[10] “Bulletin.” Holdenville Daily News, December 4, 1934. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/909406848. (accessed December 27, 2023); “Condition is Same: Mrs. Hannah Alexander is Growing Weaker.” Holdenville Daily News, 

December 7, 1934. Newspapers.com https://www.newspapers.com/image/909407072 (accessed December 27, 2023);  Chancellor, “Hannah Monahwee Alexander.” Chancellor, “James H. Alexander.”  

[11] Hannah Monahwee Alexander, Enrollment Card, National Archives, Ancestry, Native American Enrollment Cards for the Five Civilized Tribes, 1898-1914. Dawes #6842 https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/79726:60543. 

Bibliography 

“Adeline Belle Robison.” New Born Creek Nation Creek Roll. Ancestry.com. Oklahoma and Indian Territory, U.S., Dawes Census Cards for Five Civilized Tribes, 1898-1914. https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/197627:60543.

“Alexander Rites Are Held Sunday.” Holdenville Daily News, December 10, 1934. Newspapers.com.  

“Another Illustrious Indian Passes On.” Holdenville Daily News, December 9, 1934. Newspapers.com. 

“‘Aunt Hannah’ Alexander Passes On; Was Pioneer Creek Indian.” Holdenville Daily News, December 9, 1934. Newspapers.com. 

Watkins-Franklin, Brenda Sue. “Newman Joseph Robison.” Findagrave.com  

“Bulletin.” Holdenville Daily News. December 4, 1934. Newspapers.com. 

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“Chief Menawa’s Descendent is Proud of Blood.” The Maud Daily Enterprise, October 24, 1934. Newspapers.com. 

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https://www.ancestry.com/mediaui-viewer/collection/1030/tree/28867620/person/12106911607/media/14d95b1f-10e5-470c-8543-15e4713a6c12?_phsrc=QJY434&usePUBJs=true&galleryindex=6&albums=pg&showGalleryAlbums=true&tab=0&pid=12106911607&sort=-created. 

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